This report is the result of ICD Research / Strategic Defence Intelligence’s extensive market and company research covering the Japanese defense industry. It provides detailed analysis of both historic and forecast defense industry values including key growth stimulators, analysis of the leading companies in the industry, and key news.

The Japanese defense Industry Market Opportunities and Entry Strategies, Analyses and Forecasts to 2017 offers the reader an insight into the market opportunities and entry strategies adopted by foreign original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to gain market share in the Japanese defense industry.

The Japanese defense budget is the fourth-largest in the world and recorded a CAGR of 6.25% during the review period, to reach US$59.06 billion in 2012. During the review period, Japan capped its defense budget at 0.99% of GDP, and is expected to continue to do so over the forecast period. The Japanese MoD spends the majority of its defense budget on revenue expenditure, which includes the salaries of personnel and maintenance of infrastructure. In terms of the armed forces, the Japanese army receives 36.8% of the budget, while the navy and air force receive shares of 23% and 23.5% respectively.

Rising military power of North Korea and security of sea trade routes are the primary drivers of defense expenditure. Japan’s defense expenditure will continue to rise due to the perceived threat posed by the rising military strength of its neighbor, North Korea. Furthermore, the scarce natural resources of Japan mean that it is crucial to secure its sea routes to ensure safe trade routes. As Japan is an island, the security of its maritime borders from illegal intruders and external forces is paramount. Therefore, the country’s maritime forces must maintain surveillance through patrol ships, aircraft and search and rescue helicopters in order to defend its commercial ships in emergency situations.

The Japanese Defense Industry Market Opportunities and Entry Strategies, Analyses and Forecasts to 2017 provides detailed analysis of the current industry size and growth expectations from 2013 to 2017, including highlights of key growth stimulators. It also benchmarks the industry against key global markets and provides a detailed understanding of emerging opportunities in specific areas.

The report provides detailed analysis of the current industry size and growth expectations from 2013 to 2017, including highlights of key growth stimulators. It also benchmarks the industry against key global markets and provides a detailed understanding of emerging opportunities in specific areas.

The report includes trend analysis of imports and exports, together with their implications and impact on the Japanese defense industry.

The report covers five forces analysis to identify various power centers in the industry and how these are expected to develop in the future.

The report allows readers to identify possible ways to enter the market, together with detailed descriptions of how existing companies have entered the market, including key contracts, alliances, and strategic initiatives.

The report helps the reader to understand the competitive landscape of the defense industry in Japan. It provides an overview of key defense companies, both domestic and foreign, together with insights such as key alliances, strategic initiatives, and a brief financial analysis.

The Japanese government does not have an offset policy for its defense procurements. Instead, the government imports technology for the equipment for which advanced technology is not available domestically.

The Japanese defense investment policy insists on the government’s prior approval for investment in the defense industry. The government considers defense to be a sensitive industry and reviews potential investments in terms of their threat to national security, public order, public safety and the economy. The review time required is generally 30 days from the date of notification. If the government does not reply within the stipulated time, the proposal for investment is automatically approved, unless the ministry extends the review period if they feel further review is necessary. 

The high cost of domestic defense equipment and the difficulties in exporting the Japanese arms are key challenges

Japan follows a policy of procuring indigenous goods and purchasing advanced technology that is unavailable domestically. However, the cost of these licenses are high and the quantity procured by the Japanese government is low, leading to lower economies of scale and higher costs per unit of the product. Even the recent easing of some of its export policy has not brought the desired level of freedom to the indigenous exporters till date.

• Japanese defense budget to reach US$69.46 billion by 2017 
• While the Japanese defense budget recorded a CAGR of 6.25% during the review period, it is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.28% over the forecast period, to reach US$69.46 billion by 2017. The country allocates just 16.9% of its defense budget to capital expenditure, while the majority is allocated to revenue expenditure, which includes the salaries of personnel, the maintenance of equipment and the expenditure associated with stationing the US armed forces in Japan.
• Homeland security market in Japan valued at US$3.22 billion in 2012
• The Japanese homeland security market, as represented by the budget for the police force, valued US$3.22 billion in 2012. This represents an increase of 4.8% over figures from 2011, when the budget stood at US$3.07 billion. The country is expected to make procurements for biometric systems, airport security systems, information security systems, mass transport security systems as well as port security systems.
• Defense imports mainly consist of licenses for indigenous production
• The Japanese defense industry is highly capable of catering to the demands of its defense forces. However, due to a lack of advanced technology in areas such as aircraft, missiles and missile defense systems, domestic firms are forced purchase their licenses from foreign firms to produce the equipment indigenously. These acquisitions of developed and tested technologies account for the majority of Japan’s defense imports.

1.1. What is this Report About?

1.2. Definitions

1.3. Summary Methodology

1.4. SDI Terrorism Index

1.5. About Strategic Defence Intelligence

3.1. Defense Market Size Historical and Forecast

3.1.1. Japanese defense budget to reach US$XX billion by 2017

3.1.2. Rising military power of North Korea and security of sea trade routes primary drivers of defense expenditure

3.2. Analysis of Defense Budget Allocation

3.2.1. Ministry of Defense allocates XX% of the defense budget for capital expenditure

3.2.2. MoD expected to spend US$XX billion on capital procurements over the forecast period

3.2.3. Army receives the majority of defense budget

3.2.4. Army defense expenditure expected to grow at a CAGR of XX% over the forecast period

3.2.5. Air force defense expenditure expected to reach US$XX billion by 2017

3.2.6. Maritime expenditure to reach US$XX billion by 2017

3.2.7. Defense budget capped at XX% of GDP

3.3. Homeland Security Market Size and Forecast

3.3.1. Homeland security market in Japan valued at US$XX billion in 2012

3.3.2. Japan is at “low risk” of terrorism

3.3.3. Iraq, Pakistan and Afghanistan are the most terror-prone countries

3.3.4. Organized crime, international terrorism, information security and natural disasters increase homeland security expenditure

3.4. Benchmarking with Key Global Markets

3.4.1. Japan is the fourth–largest defense spender globally

3.4.2. Japan has the fourth–largest defense budget in 2011

3.4.3. Japan will continue to cap defense budget at XX% of GDP

3.4.4. Terrorist activities are minimal in Japan

3.4.5. Japan ranked eighteenth among top defense importing countries during 2007–2011

3.5. Market Opportunities: Key Trends and Growth Stimulators

3.5.1. Missile tests by North Korea increase the Japanese demand for missiles and missile defense systems

3.5.2. Unconventional warfare equipment and sophisticated training will be in demand

3.5.3. Training of the self-defense forces, surveillance aircraft, search and rescue helicopters to be in demand

3.5.4. RandD of advanced anti–stealth technology and airborne radars is expected

3.5.5. Upgrade of fighter aircraft and procurement of new fighter aircraft to improve aerial defense capabilities

3.5.6. Japan to replace its helicopter destroyers

3.5.7. Government plans on easing the bans on exports set to drive the future market growth

4.1. Import Market Dynamics

4.1.1. Defense imports mainly consist of licenses for indigenous production

4.1.2. Defense imports expected to increase over the forecast period

4.1.3. US defense companies dominate the Japanese defense industry

4.1.4. Aircraft account for majority of imports

4.2. Export Market Dynamics

4.2.1. Easing of export policies to draw future exports

5.1. Five Forces Analysis

5.1.1. Bargaining power of supplier: low to medium

5.1.2. Bargaining power of buyer: high

5.1.3. Barrier to entry: high

5.1.4. Intensity of rivalry: high

5.1.5. Threat of substitution: low to high

6.1. Market Regulation

6.1.1. Japan does not have an offset policy for arms imports

6.1.2. Investment in defense industry requires prior notification

6.2. Market Entry Route

6.2.1. Establishment of a subsidiary in Japan is used as entry strategy

6.2.2. Foreign military sales is an alternate entry route without technology transfer

6.2.3. Joint production through technology transfer has been the preferred entry route for foreign defense companies

6.3. Key Challenges

6.3.1. Domestically produced defense equipment is expensive

6.3.2. Difficulties in exporting the Japanese arms still poses a challenge for defense companies

7.1. Competitive Landscape Overview

7.2. Key Foreign Competitors

7.2.1. Lockheed Martin: overview

7.2.2. Lockheed Martin: products and services

7.2.3. Lockheed Martin: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.2.4. Lockheed Martin: alliances

7.2.5. Lockheed Martin: recent contract wins

7.2.6. Lockheed Martin: financial analysis

7.2.7. Raytheon: overview

7.2.8. Raytheon: products and services

7.2.9. Raytheon: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.2.10. Raytheon: alliances

7.2.11. Raytheon: recent contract wins

7.2.12. Raytheon: financial analysis

7.2.13. BAE Systems: overview

7.2.14. BAE Systems: products and services

7.2.15. BAE Systems: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.2.16. BAE Systems: alliances

7.2.17. BAE Systems: recent contract wins

7.2.18. BAE Systems: financial analysis

7.2.19. EADS Japan: overview

7.2.20. EADS Japan: defense products

7.2.21. EADS Japan: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.2.22. EADS Japan: recent contract wins

7.2.23. EADS Japan: financial analysis

7.3. Key Domestic Companies

7.3.1. NEC Corporation: overview

7.3.2. NEC Corporation: products and services

7.3.3. NEC Corporation: recent contracts and strategic initiatives

7.3.4. NEC Corporation: alliances

7.3.5. NEC Corporation: recent contract wins

7.3.6. NEC Corporation: financial analysis

7.3.7. Toshiba Corporation: overview

7.3.8. Toshiba Corporation: defense products

7.3.9. Toshiba Corporation: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.3.10. Toshiba Corporation: alliances

7.3.11. Toshiba Corporation: recent contract wins

7.3.12. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries: overview

7.3.13. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries: defense products

7.3.14. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.3.15. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries: alliances

7.3.16. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries: recent contract wins

7.3.17. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries: financial analysis

7.3.18. Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd.: overview

7.3.19. Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd.: defense products

7.3.20. Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd.: alliances

7.3.21. Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd.: recent contract wins

7.3.22. Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd.: financial analysis

7.3.23. Kawasaki Heavy Industries: overview

7.3.24. Kawasaki Heavy Industries: defense products

7.3.25. Kawasaki Heavy Industries: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.3.26. Kawasaki Heavy Industries: alliances

7.3.27. Kawasaki Heavy Industries: recent contract wins

7.3.28. Kawasaki Heavy Industries: financial analysis

7.3.29. Komatsu Ltd.: overview

7.3.30. Komatsu Ltd.: defense products

7.3.31. Komatsu Ltd.: recent contract wins

7.3.32. Komatsu Ltd.: financial analysis

7.3.33. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.: overview

7.3.34. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.: products and services

7.3.35. Ishikawajima–Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.: recent announcements and strategic initiatives

7.3.36. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.: alliances

7.3.37. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.:  recent contract wins

7.3.38. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd.:  financial analysis

7.3.39. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation: overview

7.3.40. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation:  products and services

7.3.41. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation: alliances

7.3.42. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation: financial analysis

8.1. Demographics and Social Statistics

8.1.1. Population – Female

8.1.2. Population - Male

8.2. Economic Performance

8.2.1. Business Confidence index

8.2.2. Construction Output, Current Prices, Local Currency

8.2.3. Construction Output, Current Prices, US Dollars

8.2.4. Current Account Balance as Percentage of GDP

8.2.5. Deposit Interest Rate

8.2.6. Exports of goods and services, current prices

8.2.7. Foreign Direct Investment

8.2.8. GDP at Purchasing Power Parity

8.2.9. GDP, Constant Prices (Local Currency)

8.2.10. GDP, Constant Prices (US$ Billion)

8.2.11. GDP, Current Prices (Local Currency)

8.2.12. GDP, Current Prices (US$ Billion)

8.2.13. General Government Final Consumption Expenditure

8.2.14. Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Current Prices

8.2.15. Imports of goods and services

8.2.16. Inflation, average consumer prices

8.2.17. Interest Rates (Lending)

8.2.18. Manufacturing Output, Current Prices (Local Currency Bn)

8.2.19. Manufacturing Output, Current Prices (US$ Billions)

8.2.20. US$- Exchange Rate (Annual Average)

8.2.21. US$- Exchange Rate (EoP)

8.2.22. Wholesale Price Index

8.3. Energy and Utilities

8.3.1. Crude Oil Distillation Capacity

8.3.2. Electricity Installed Capacity

8.3.3. Fossil Fuels Proved natural gas reserves

8.3.4. Fossil Fuels- Proved Oil Reserves

8.3.5. Hydroelectricity Installed Capacity

8.3.6. Natural Gas Consumption

8.3.7. Natural Gas Imports

8.3.8. Natural Gas Production

8.3.9. Net Conventional Thermal Electricity Generation

8.3.10. Net Geothermal, Solar, Wind, and Wood Electric Power Generation

8.3.11. Net Hydroelectric Power Generation

8.3.12. Nuclear Electricity Net Generation

8.3.13. Petroleum, Consumption

8.3.14. Petroleum, Production

8.4. Labor

8.4.1. People Employed in R and D

8.5. Minerals

8.5.1. Coal Consumption

8.6. Social and Political Risk

8.6.1. Political Stability Index

8.6.2. Transparency Index

8.7. Technology

8.7.1. Fixed Broadband Internet Subscribers

8.7.2. Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development as % of GDP

8.7.3. Patents Granted

8.7.4. Software and Computer-Related Services, Value Added

8.7.5. Software Patents

8.7.6. Fixed line calling cost local

8.7.7. Fixed Line Calling Cost National

9.1. Contact Us

9.2. About SDI

9.3. Disclaimer

Table 1: Japanese Defense Expenditure (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Table 2: Japanese Defense Expenditure (US$ Billion), 2013–2017 

Table 3: Japanese Defense Budget Split between Capital, Revenue, SACO and the US Forces Realignment Expenditure (%), 2008–2012 

Table 4: Japanese Defense Budget Split between Capital, Revenue, SACO and the US Forces Realignment Expenditure (%), 2013–2017 

Table 5: Japanese Per Capita Defense Expenditure (US$), 2008–2012 

Table 6: Japanese Per Capita Defense Expenditure (US$), 2013–2017 

Table 7: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure Breakdown (%), 2008–2012 

Table 8: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure Breakdown (%), 2013–2017 

Table 9: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Army (US$ billion), 2008–2012 

Table 10: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Army (US$ billion), 2013–2017 

Table 11: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Air Force (US$ billion), 2008–2012 

Table 12: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Air Force (US$ billion), 2013–2017 

Table 13: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Navy (US$ billion), 2008–2012 

Table 14: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Navy (US$ billion), 2013–2017 

Table 15: Japanese GDP Growth vs. Defense Expenditure Growth and Defense Expenditure as Percentage of GDP, 2008–2012 

Table 16: Japanese GDP Growth vs. Defense Expenditure Growth and Defense Expenditure as Percentage of GDP, 2013–2017 

Table 17: Benchmarking with Key Markets – 2007–2011 vs. 2012–2016 

Table18: SDI Terrorism Index 

Table 19: Top Country Ranking by Value of Arms Imports, 2005–2010* 

Table 20: Cost Comparison of Defense Equipment in Japan and the US 

Table 21: Lockheed Martin – Product Focus 

Table 22: Lockheed Martin – Alliances 

Table 23: Lockheed Martin – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 24: Raytheon – Product Focus 

Table 25: Raytheon – Alliances 

Table 26: Raytheon – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 27: BAE Systems – Product Focus 

Table 28: BAE Systems – Alliances 

Table 29: BAE Systems – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 30: EADS Japan – Product Focus 

Table 31: EADS Japan – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 32: NEC Corporation – Product Focus 

Table 33: NEC Corporation – Alliances 

Table 34: NEC Corporation – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 35: Toshiba Corporation – product focus 

Table 36: Toshiba Corporation – Alliances 

Table 37: Toshiba Corporation – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 38: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries – product focus 

Table 39: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries – Alliances 

Table 40: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 41: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. – product focus 

Table 42: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. – Alliances 

Table 43: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 44: Kawasaki Heavy Industries – Product Focus 

Table 45: Kawasaki Heavy Industries – Alliances 

Table 46: Kawasaki Heavy Industries – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 47: Komatsu Ltd – Product Focus 

Table 48: Komatsu Ltd. – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 49: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd – product focus 

Table 50: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. – Alliances 

Table 51 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. – Recent Contract Wins 

Table 52: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation – Product Focus 

Table 53: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation – Alliances 

Figure 1: Japanese Defense Expenditure (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 2: Japanese Defense Expenditure (US$ Billion), 2013–2017 

Figure 3: Japanese Defense Budget Split between Capital, Revenue, SACO and the US Forces Realignment Expenditure (%), 2008–2012 

Figure 4: Japanese Defense Budget Split between Capital, Revenue, SACO and the US Forces Realignment Expenditure (%), 2013–2017 

Figure 5: Japanese Per Capita Defense Expenditure (US$), 2008–2012 

Figure 6: Japanese Per Capita Defense Expenditure (US$), 2013–2017 

Figure 7: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure Breakdown (%), 2008–2012 

Figure 8: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure Breakdown (%), 2013–2017 

Figure 9: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Army (US$ billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 10: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Army (US$ billion), 2013–2017 

Figure 11: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Air Force (US$ billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 12: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Air Force (US$ billion), 2013–2017 

Figure 13: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Navy (US$ billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 14: Japanese Defense Capital Expenditure for Navy (US$ billion), 2013–2017 

Figure 15: Japanese GDP Growth vs. Defense Expenditure Growth and Defense Expenditure as Percentage of GDP, 2008–2012 

Figure 16: Japanese GDP Growth vs. Defense Expenditure Growth and Defense Expenditure as Percentage of GDP, 2013–2017 

Figure 17: SDI Terrorism Heat Map, 2011 

Figure 18: SDI Terrorism Index, 2011 

Figure 19: Benchmarking with Key Markets – 2007–2011 vs. 2012–2016 

Figure 20: Defense Expenditure of the World’s Largest Military Spenders (US$ Billion), 2011 and 2016 

Figure 21: Defense Expenditure as a Percentage of GDP of Largest Military Spenders (%), 2011 

Figure 22: Japanese Defense Import Trend, 2007–2011 (TIV values) 

Figure 23: Japanese Defense Imports by Country (%), 2007–2011 

Figure 24: Japanese Defense Imports by Category (%), 2007–2011 

Figure 25: Industry Dynamics – Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 

Figure 26: Lockheed Martin Corp. – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 27: Lockheed Martin Corp. – Operating Profit Trend Analysis (US$ billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 28: Lockheed Martin Corp. – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 29: Raytheon – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 30: Raytheon – Operating Profit Trend Analysis (US$ billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 31: Raytheon – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 32: BAE Systems – Revenue Trend Analysis (GBP Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 33: BAE Systems – Operating Profit (GBP Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 34: BAE Systems – Net Profit Trend Analysis (GBP Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 35: EADS – Revenue Trend Analysis (EUR Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 36: EADS – Operating Profit Trend Analysis (EUR Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 37: EADS – Net Profit Trend Analysis (EUR Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 38: NEC Corporation – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 39: NEC Corporation – Operating Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Million), 2007–2011 

Figure 40: NEC Corporation – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Million), 2007–2011 

Figure 41: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries  – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 42: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries– Operating Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 43: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Million), 2007–2011 

Figure 44: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 45: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. – Operating Profit Analysis (US$ Million), 2008–2012 

Figure 46: Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Million), 2008–2012 

Figure 47: Kawasaki Heavy Industries – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 48: Kawasaki Heavy Industries – Operating Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 49: Kawasaki Heavy Industries – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Million), 2008–2012 

Figure 50: Komatsu Ltd. – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 51: Komatsu Ltd. – Operating Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 52: Komatsu Ltd. – Net Profit Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2007–2011 

Figure 53: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 54: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. – Operating Profit  Analysis (US$ Million), 2008–2012 

Figure 55: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. – Net Profit Analysis (US$ Million), 2008–2012 

Figure 56: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation – Revenue Trend Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 57: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation– Operating Profit  Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 58: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation– Net Profit Analysis (US$ Billion), 2008–2012 

Figure 59: Japanese Population – Female (In Millions), 2008–2017 

Figure 60: Japanese Population – Male (In Millions), 2008–2017 

Figure 61: Japanese Business Confidence index, 2003–2012 

Figure 62: Japanese Construction Output, Current Prices, Local Currency (In Billions), 2001–2010 

Figure 63: Japanese Construction Output, Current Prices (In US$ Billions), 2001–2010 

Figure 64: Japanese Current Account Balance as Percentage of GDP, 2008–2017 

Figure 65: Japanese Deposit Interest Rate, 2001–2010 

Figure 66: Japanese Exports of goods and services, current prices (US$ Billion), 2001– 2010 

Figure 67: Japanese Foreign Direct Investment(US$ Billion), 2001–2010 

Figure 68: Japanese GDP at Purchasing Power Parity (US$ Billion), 2006–2015 

Figure 69: Japanese GDP at Constant Prices(Local Currency Billion), 2006–2015 

Figure 70: Japanese GDP at Constant Prices (US$ Billion), 2006–2015 

Figure 71: Japanese GDP at Current Prices (Local Currency Billion), 2006–2015 

Figure 72: Japanese GDP at Current Prices(US$ Billion), 2006–2015 

Figure 73: Japanese General Government Final Consumption Expenditure (US$ Billion),  2001–2010 

Figure 74: Japanese Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Current Prices (US$ Billion), 2001–2010 

Figure 75: Japanese Imports of goods and services (current US$ Billion), 2001–2010 

Figure 76: Japanese Inflation, average consumer prices, 2008–2017 

Figure 77: Japanese Interest Rates (Lending),  2001–2010 

Figure 78: Japanese Manufacturing Output, Current Prices (Local Currency Billion), 2001–2010 

Figure 79: Japanese Manufacturing Output, Current Prices (US$ Billion), 2001–2010 

Figure 80: Japanese US$- Exchange Rate (Annual Average), 2002–2011 

Figure 81: Japanese US$- Exchange Rate (EoP), 2002–2011 

Figure 82: Japanese Wholesale Price Index, 2000–2009 

Figure 83: Japanese Crude Oil Distillation Capacity (Thousand Barrels Per Cal Day), 2000–2009 

Figure 84: Japanese Electricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts), 2000–2009 

Figure 85: Japanese Fossil Fuels Proved Natural Gas Reserves (Trillion Cubic Feet), 2002–2011 

Figure 86: Japanese Fossil Fuels Proved Oil Reserves (Billion Barrels), 2002–2011 

Figure 87: Japanese Hydroelectricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts), 2000–2009 

Figure 88: Japanese Natural Gas Consumption (Billion Cubic Feet), 2001–2010 

Figure 89: Japanese Natural Gas Consumption (Billion Cubic Feet), 2001–2010 

Figure 90: Japanese Natural Gas Production (Billion Cubic Feet), 2001–2010 

Figure 91: Japanese Net Conventional Thermal Electricity Generation (Billion Kilowatt hours), 2001–2010 

Figure 92: Japanese Net Geothermal, Solar, Wind, and Wood Electric Power Generation, (Billion Kilowatt hours), 2001–2010 

Figure 93: Japanese Net Hydroelectric Power Generation (Billion Kilowatt hours), 2001–2010 

Figure 94: Japanese Net Hydroelectric Power Generation (Billion Kilowatt hours), 2001–2010 

Figure 95: Japanese Petroleum Consumption (Thousand Barrels Per Day), 2002–2011 

Figure 96: Japanese Petroleum Production (Thousand Barrels Per Day), 2002–2011 

Figure 97: Japanese People Employed in R and D (Number of researchers per million people), 2000–2008 

Figure 98: Japanese Coal Consumption (Thousand Short Tons), 2001–2010 

Figure 99: Japanese Political Stability Index, 2002–2010 

Figure 100: Japanese Transparency Index, 2002–2011 

Figure 101: Japanese Fixed Broadband Internet Subscribers (Million), 2001–2010 

Figure 102: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development as % of GDP, 2000–2008 

Figure 103: Patents Granted, 2002–2011 

Figure 104: Software and Computer-Related Services, Value Added, 2006–2015 

Figure 105: Software Patents, 2002–2011 

Figure 106: Fixed line calling cost local, 2001–2010 

Figure 107: Fixed Line Calling Cost National, 2001–2010